Bilateral tongue fibrous hyperplasia: A case report and literature review / Hiperplasia fibrosa bilateral de língua: relato de um caso e revisão daliteratura

Focal fibrous hyperplasia (FFH) is a pathology characterized by tissue enlargement as a result of increasing the number of inflammatory cells which receive chronic mechanical stimuli of low intensity that may affect gums, lip, palate, jugal mucosa and tongue.The aim of this article is to report a case of FFH on the lateral border on both sides of the tongue associated with the use of the Hyrax appliance in a hebiatric patient, whose chief complaint was chewing discomfort. This case was diagnosed clinically and by histopathology analysis and treated by surgical excision as well as the removal of Hyrax appliances. Follow-up care provided the recovery of the patient's quality of life.

La hiperplasia fibrosa focal (HFF) es una patología caracterizada por el aumento de tamaño de los tejidos como consecuencia del aumento del número de células inflamatorias que reciben estímulos mecánicos crónicos de baja intensidad que pueden afectar a encías, labio, paladar, mucosa yugal y lengua. El objetivo de este artículo es reportar un caso de FFH en el borde lateral a ambos lados de la lengua asociado al uso del aparato Hyrax en un paciente hebiátrico, cuyo principal motivo de consulta era la molestia masticatoria. Este caso fue diagnosticado clínicamente y por análisis histopatológico y tratado mediante escisión quirúrgica así como la retirada de los aparatos de Hyrax. La atención de seguimiento permitió la recuperación de la calidad de vida del paciente

Hemangioma capilar lobular: granuloma piógeno en lengua / Lobular capillary hemangioma: pyogenic granuloma of tongue

El granuloma piógeno es una lesión benigna, reactiva y multifactorial que resulta de le- siones repetitivas, microtraumatismos e irritación local en piel o mucosas y cambio hormonal. Cuando aparece en la cavidad oral tiene predilección por la encía vestibular, pero es importante que el odontólogo esté consciente y familiarizado con el hecho de que puede estar localizado en otras áreas anatómicas. Clínicamente se presenta como lesión hiperplásica altamente vascularizada, de tamaño generalmente no mayor a 2 cm, pediculada en la base o sésil y de lento crecimiento. Sin mostrar preferencia por edad o sexo, tiende a aparecer principalmente en encías, labios y mucosa oral, siendo muy pocos los casos reportados en el área lingual. Es por ello que, en este artículo, nos referimos a un caso de ubicación inusual, en conjunto con una revisión de la literatura (AU)

Pyogenic granuloma is a benign, reactive, and multifactorial lesion caused by repetitive injuries, microtrauma and local irritation on the skin or mucous membranes, and hormonal change. When it appears in the oral cavity, it has a predilection for the vestibular gingiva, but the dentist must be aware and familiar with the fact that it can be present in other anatomi- cal areas. Clinically, it is presented as a hyperplasic injury highly vascular-related, with a size generally no bigger than 2 cm, pedunculated in base or sessile, and slow in growth. Without showing any preference in age or gender, it tends to appear mainly on the gums, lips, and oral mucosae, with very few, reported cases in the lingual area. Therefore, in this study, we refer to a case of unusual localization with a literature review (AU)

Excision of a traumatic fibroma with diode laser in a pediatric patient: case report / Escisión de un fibroma traumático con láser de diodo en paciente pediátrico: reporte de caso

ABSTRACT Fibroma is currently considered the most common reactive hyperplasia of fibrous connective tissue in response to local trauma in the oral cavity. This case deals with the excision of a traumatic fibroma using diode laser (Epic X, wavelength of 940nm, continuous mode, 5W power), whose energy is absorbed by hemoglobin and melanin (chromophores) and is indicated in soft tissue surgeries, favoring coagulation. The results are consistent with the benefits demonstrated in the scientific literature: better visibility in the surgical act due to achieved hemostasis, excellent postoperative phase due to the absence of pain and inflammation, with no need for analgesic medication, no use of sutures, no scarring and no recurrence. It is a safe and fast procedure that also allows performing a histopathological study without altering the tissues to be examined. In the case presented here, the histopathological study confirmed the presumptive diagnosis of fibroma.

RESUMEN El fibroma es considerado actualmente como la más común hiperplasia reactiva de tejido conectivo fibroso en respuesta a un trauma local en la cavidad bucal. En este caso se menciona la escisión de un fibroma traumático utilizando laser de diodo (Epic X, longitud de onda de 940nm, modo continuo, potencia 5W), cuya energía es absorbida por la hemoglobina y la melanina (cromóforos), indicado en cirugías de tejidos blandos, favoreciendo la coagulación. Los resultados están acordes con los beneficios demostrados en la literatura científica: mejor visibilidad en el acto quirúrgico por la hemostasia lograda, postoperatorio excelente por la ausencia de dolor e inflamación, sin necesidad de medicación analgésica ni uso de suturas, no produce aparición de cicatriz y no recidiva; ofrece seguridad y rapidez en el procedimiento. Permite la realización de estudio histopatológico sin alterar los tejidos a examinar. En el caso presentado, el estudio histopatológico comprobó el diagnóstico presuntivo de fibroma.

Study of fine needle aspiration cytology evaluation of peripheral lymph nodes

Introduction: Lymph nodes are an integral component of the immune system and their enlargement is commonly noted in clinical practice in a wide spectrum of diseases, including infections like tuberculosis and malignancy. FNAC is an important diagnostic tool for rapid evaluation of mainly superficial lesions, especially of lymph nodes. It is cost effective, relatively less traumatic, and enables the pathologist to provide the clinician with a diagnosis in a very short time, and hence is ideal especially for OPD patients. Objectives: 1. To study the age and sex distribution of the patients of FNAC of peripheral lymph node. 2. To study the spectrum of diseases diagnosed on FNAC of peripheral lymph nodes. Methods: Cross-sectional hospital based Observational study. Total 50 patients who had superficial lymphadenopathy were included in this study. Male patients were 21 (42%) and Female patients were 29 (58%). FNAC was performed on this 50 patients. Diagnosis was made by light Microscopy. Result was tabulated and statistical analysis was done. Results: Male patients were 21 (42%) and Female patients were 29 (58%). 50 % patients were in the age group of 21 to 40 years. Reactive hyperplasia was 46% and Granulomatous lymphadenitis was 18%. Cervical lymph nodes were most commonly involved. Conclusion: FNAC is a simple, quick, low cost, minimally invasive and easy diagnostic procedure which is very much helpful in the diagnosis of diseases causing superficial lymphadenopathy in all age groups. Reactive hyperplasia of lymph node was the most common cytological diagnosis followed by Granulomatous lymphadenitis.

Pathological diagnosis and differential diagnosis of reactive hyperplasia in lymphoid tissues / 白血病·淋巴瘤

This paper introduces the clinical features, histopathology, immunophenotype and differential diagnosis of reactive hyperplasia (RH) in lymphoid tissues. The characteristics of RH are as follows: (1) Clinical presentations include acute fever and mild enlargement of lymph nodes. The patients can be cured when the causes of disease disappear; (2) Pathological histology is divided into single type and specific type. The common changes of lymphoid tissues are lymph follicle (LF) or T-zone cell hyperplasia, which leads to the disorder of normal tissues, including the increased number of large cells and mitosis (known as the pseudomalignant histological form); (3) Immunophentype is featured by normal pattern of LF and T-zone cells. The key point of differential diagnosis is the overgrowth of cells producing pseudomalignant histological changes in RH, resulting in the lack of cell atypia and monoclonal, damage and erosion of the normal tissue structures.

Pyogenic Granuloma Mimicking Fibroma: A Case Report.

Soft tissue swellings of the oral cavity frequently present a diagnostic challenge because a diverse group of pathologic processes can produce such lesions. Among these lesions are a group of reactive hyperplasia, which develop in response to a chronic, recurring tissue injury that stimulates an exuberant or excessive tissue repair response, and pyogenic granuloma is one of them. It is a reactional response to constant minor trauma or may be related to hormonal changes. It preferentially affects the gingiva followed by lips, tongue, buccal mucosa, and palate. It is commonly seen in young adults. The treatment is excision of the lesion. This case report describes the clinical and histopathological features of a pyogenic granuloma, in a 20-year-old male patient.

The expression and clinical significance of T-cadherin protein and gene in the mixed cell type of hybrid hodgkin lymphoma / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the expression level and clinical significance of T‐cadherin protein and gene in the mixed cell type of hybrid hodgkin lymphoma .Methods The lymph nodetissue samples were obtained from 45 hybrid Hodgkin lymphoma patients and 20 reactive hyperplasia lymphoid patients .The expression level of T‐cadherin of these samples were detected by immu‐nohistochemical staining and RT‐PCR .The relationship of clinic pathological features and prognosis in hybrid Hodgkin lymphoma patients were analyzed by the expression level of T‐cadherin .Results The positive expression rates of T‐cadherin in protein hybrid hodgkin lymphoma and reactive hyperplasia lymphoid tissue specimens were 31 .1% (14/45) and 90 .0% (18/20)(P 0 .05) .Multiva‐riate logistic regression analysis demonstrated TNM stage and T‐cadherin negative expression were independent factors of lymph node involvement .Log‐rank test revealed the two‐year survival rate in hybrid Hodgkin lymphoma patients of T‐cadherin negative and positive expressionwere 83 .9% and 92 .9% (P> 0 .05) ,three‐year survival rate were 71 .0% and 85 .7% (P> 0 .05) ,five‐year survival rate were 41 .9% and 78 .6% (P< 0 .05) .Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis showed the five‐year survival in T‐cadherin nega‐tive expressionwas lowersignificantly than T‐cadherin positive expression (P< 0 .05) .Conclusion T‐cadherin was low expression in hybrid Hodgkin lymphoma and correlated with TNM and lymph node involvement .T‐cadherin may be a new molecular marker to evaluate the prognosis of hybrid hodgkin lymphoma .

Discrimination Between Childhood Subacute Necrotizing Lymphadenitis and Nonspecific Cervical Lymph Hyperplasia for Earlier Diagnosis / 소아알레르기및호흡기학회지

PURPOSE: We conducted this research to make an earlier diagnosis and identify better treatment for Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) by comparing clinical findings with nonspecifically enlarged cervical lymph nodes in children. METHODS: Nineteen patients were diagnosed with KFD by tissue pathology from a fine needle aspiration biopsy and/or excisional biopsy and were compared with the clinical, radiological, and pathological findings of reactive hyperplasia. RESULTS: The average onset age of onset for patients with KFD was 11.8+/-3.61 years, and the male to female ratio was 1:1.1, whereas patients with reactive hyperplasia were 11.8+/-5.96 years, and the male to female ratio was 1.7:1. Patients with KFD suffered more from fever than patients with reactive hyperplasia (68% vs. 13%, P=0.002). Patients with KFD showed perinodal infiltration (P=0.001) and necrosis on computed tomography, whereas patients with reactive hyperplasia did not show any of these findings. Ultrasonographic findings were similar between the two study groups. In contrast, the histopathological examinations of biopsied cervical lymph nodes were enormously helpful for distinguishing the findings of KFD from those of patients with reactive hyperplasia. CONCLUSION: We recommend a histopathological examination to distinguish KFD from reactive hyperplasia in children with significantly enlarged cervical lymph nodes.

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytologic Features of Follicular Lymphoma / 대한세포병리학회지

The accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) for the diagnosis of follicular lymphoma was investigated by a review of 13 FNAC specimens from 10 patients. All patients included in this study were confirmed by surgical biopsy preceded by FNAC. Three aspirates were unsatisfactory because of scanty cellularity. Among the remaining 10 cases, 5(50%) were diagnosed as lymphoma, 3(30%) as reactive hyperplasia, one(10%) as metastatic small cell carcinoma, and one(10%) as granulomatous inflammation. Cytologic distinction between follicular lymphoma and reactive hyperplasia is very difficult with cytomorphology alone. Compared to reactive hyperplasia, the characteristic cytologic features such as relatively homogeneous cellular constituent, paucity of tingible body macrophages and lymphohistiocytic aggregates, and less mitotic activity in follicular lymphoma are important findings to prevent false negative diagnosis. In addition, lymphoglandular bodies are useful in distinguishing malignant epithelial tumor from lymphoid lesion.

A study on the relationship between reactive hyperplasia of the draining lymph nodes and oral cancer micrometastasis / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the relationship between reactive hyperplasia of the draining lymph nodes and oral cancer micrometastasis.Methods:The specimens was taken from 12 patients suffered from oral squamous cell carcinoma,who accepted inpatient care in West China College of Stomatology,Sichuan University.There were totally 233 lymph nodes,and all the specimens were divided into normal,reactive hyperplasia and metastasis groups by pathological diagnosis.Immunohistochemistry method was used to inspect micrometastasis in the two prior groups,and the data were analyzed with SPSS 10.0.Results:25 lymph nodes were detected metastasis,79 were reactive hyperplasia,and 129 were normal.Normal mucosa,squamous cell carcinoma and metastatic lymph nodes were positive to keratin,and there were 29 and 12 specimens with micrometastasis in reactive hyperplasia and normal lymph nodes separately.Conclusion:Micrometastasis occured on the reactive hyperplasia lymph node in the oral cancer draining area is easier than that on the normal one.

CT Diagnosis of Lymph Node Reactive Hyperplasia / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To analyze CT features and CT diagnostic value in lymph node reactive hyperplasia.Methods CT findings of lymph node reactive hyperplasia in 13 cases proved surgically and pathologically were retrospectively analyzed.Results Of 13 cases,7 cases were only involved cervical lateral lymph nodes,2 cases were simultaneously involved cervical lateral,facial and submental lymph nodes,1case was involved axillary and inguinal lymph nodes,1 case demonstrated simultaneously enlarged in cervical,axillary,mediastinal,retroperitoneal and inguinal lymph nodes.Enlarged lymph nodes ranged from 0.6 to 2.6 cm in minimal diameter.with mean of 1.6 cm.Lymph nodes enlaged showed isolated existence in 12 cases,merely 1 case mixed existence and the density was unhomogeneous,12cases showed homogeneous density and obvious enhancement on postcontrast CT,and CT value increased by 19.1~113.2 HU,with mean of 59.1 HU.Conclusion Lmyph node reactive hyperplasia is of characteristic CT appearances,CT examinations is of important value for its qualitative and differential diagnosis.

The Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Lymphoid Tumor of The Orbit and Ocular Adnexa

The authors reivewed retrospectively the medical records and pathologic slides of 18 patients with the orbital lymphoid tumors that had been confirmed pathologically. Pathologic diagnoses were as follows : 14 cases of pseudolymphoma (benign reactive hyperplasia), 2 cases of atypical lymphoid hyperplasia and 2 cases of malignant lymphoma. Of the 18 patients, 7 cases were male and 11 were female. The average age at first visit was 53 years. Palpable or visible mass was the most frequent presenting symptom. There were no significant differences in clinical characterstics and radiologic findings between benign and malignant tumors. Determination of clonality of tumors by immunohistochemical study was useful method to differentate pseudolymphoma and atypical lymphoid hyperplasia from malignant lymphoma. An accompanying systemic disease was not found in all cases. All patients were received local orbital irradiation. Regression or disappearance of masses was noted in all cases. No patient have experienced recurrence or development of systemic disease during the mean follow-up of 30 month.